Review
Sheet for Test #5
Completion
Complete
each sentence or statement.
1. Each field has a unique field
____________________ that describes its contents.
2. A(n) ____________________-length field is
like an accordion--it expands to fit the data you enter.
3. A(n) ____________________-length field
contains a predetermined number of characters.
4. In database jargon, a(n) ____________________
is an association between data that is stored in different record types.
5. In a(n) ____________________ database, a
record type is referred to as a node or segment.
6. A parent node can have more than one
____________________ node.
7. A(n) ____________________ database stores
data in a collection of related tables.
8. An object ____________________ specifies the
attributes and methods that are shared by all objects in a given group.
9. The term database ____________________ refers
to the arrangement of the fields, tables, and relationships in a database.
10. From a user perspective, the data
____________________ determines the way that data can be manipulated.
11. A database designer can assign a(n)
____________________ data type to fields containing numbers that will be
manipulated mathematically by adding, averaging, multiplying, and so forth.
12. A(n) ____________________ is a whole number.
13. For fields that contain data that would not be
used for calculations, a database designer can specify a(n)
____________________ data type, which is also referred to as a string data
type.
14. The ____________________ data type is used to
store dates in a format that allows them to be manipulated.
15. A field ____________________ helps maintain
consistent data by providing a structure for entering data into a field.
16. A lookup ____________________ validates an
entry by searching for the same data in a field or database table.
17. The goal of normalization is to minimize data
____________________.
18. The ____________________ key for a database is
typically specified by the database designer at the time the database structure
is created.
19. A(n) ____________________ routine brings data
into a database.
20. The SQL query language provides a collection
of special command words called SQL ____________________, such as SELECT, FROM,
INSERT, and WHERE.
21. By Department of Defense standards, a small
program is one with fewer than ____________________ lines of instructions.
22. The ____________________ for a computer
program is the set of steps that explain how to begin with the known
information specified in a problem statement, and how to manipulate that
information to arrive at a solution.
23. To perform a(n) ____________________, you can
use a calculator and paper and pencil to step through a sample problem using
realistic test data.
24. A program ____________________ is essentially
a blueprint for a computer program.
25. A person who codes computer programs is called
a computer ____________________.
26. Most programming languages provide three types
of ____________________ structures.
27. A subroutine, procedure, module, or
____________________ is a section of code that is part of a program, but is not
included in the main sequential execution path.
28. A selection control structure is also referred
to as a(n) ____________________ structure.
29. A repetition control structure is also
referred to as a loop or ____________________.
30. The command words FOR, DO, or WHILE mark the
beginning of a(n) ____________________.
31. Testing each section of your code to make sure
that it works correctly is referred to as ____________________.
32. Internal ____________________ explains how a
program works and should be useful to other programmers who need to modify your
code.
33. ____________________ documentation contains
any information about a program that might be useful to programmers, including
the problem statement and algorithm.
34. ____________________ documentation contains
information that helps users learn to work with a computer program.
35. Languages with procedural characteristics are
called ____________________ languages.
36. A(n) ____________________ language defines a
task in the form of a script.
37. When you run a program that is written in an
interpreted language, the language's ____________________ reads one instruction
and converts it into a machine language instruction, which the computer
executes.
38. A(n) ____________________ event is an action
or occurrence, such as a key press or mouse click, to which a program might
respond.
39. A(n) ____________________ is any
characteristic of a component that might describe how it appears on screen, how
it responds to mouse activity, and what it does with its output.
40. A component accepts input in the form of
____________________.
Matching
Identify the letter of the choice that
best matches the phrase or definition.
|
a. |
field |
e. |
data type |
|
b. |
record |
f. |
computed |
|
c. |
node |
g. |
validation |
|
d. |
attribute |
h. |
normalization |
____ 41. A collection of data fields
____ 42. The column in a table, in a relational
database
____ 43. Efficiently designed databases use this type
of field whenever possible
____ 44. A record type, in a hierarchical database
____ 45. Helps create a database structure that can
save storage space and increase processing efficiency
____ 46. Type of rule used to filter the data entered
into a particular field
____ 47. The smallest unit of meaningful information
____ 48. Specifies the way data is represented on the
disk and in RAM
Identify the letter of the choice that
best matches the phrase or definition.
|
a. |
class |
e. |
algorithm |
|
b. |
method |
f. |
pseudocode |
|
c. |
attribute |
g. |
function |
|
d. |
program event |
h. |
syntax |
____ 49. Any behavior that an object is capable of
performing
____ 50. Error type that occurs when an instruction
does not follow the language's grammar
____ 51. The characteristic of an object
____ 52. A notational system for algorithms that has
been described as a mixture of English and a programming language
____ 53. Section of code that is not included in the
main sequential execution path
____ 54. The set of steps for carrying out a task
____ 55. A grouping of objects
____ 56. A key press is an example
Short
Answer
57. What happens if you enter data in a
fixed-length field that is shorter than the allocated length?
58. What is a one-to-many relationship?
59. What is an object-oriented database?
60. Define data dependence.
61. Define data independence.
62. What is a computed field?
63. What is a report generator?
64. What are the limitations of the global UPDATE
command?
65. Is it possible to update a group of records?
What is this called?
66. What does the JOIN command allow you to do in
SQL?
67. What is structured English?
68. Why is the GOTO command rarely used by skilled
programmers?
69. Write a simple BASIC program that uses the
FOR...NEXT command to print a message three times.
70. What is debugging?
71. Why is the instruction DiscountPrice =
RegularPrice/0 a run-time error?
72. What is an object-oriented language?
73. What is a low-level language?
74. What is an event-driven language?
75. How do you create an event-driven program?
76. What is component programming?
Essay
77. Explain what a relational database is,
defining the following terms: table, tuple, and attributes.
78. What are the disadvantages of using custom
file management software?
79. Briefly define each of the three types of
control structures.
80. What are the advantages and disadvantages of
object-oriented programming languages?
Review Sheet
for Test #5
Answer
Section
COMPLETION
1. name
2. variable
3. fixed
4. relationship
5. hierarchical
6. child
7. relational
8. class
9. structure
10. type
11. numeric
12. integer
13. character
14. date
15. format
16. routine
17. redundancy
18. sort
19. import
20. keywords
21. 100,000
22. algorithm
23. walkthrough
24. specification
25. programmer
26. control
27. function
28. decision
29. iteration
30. loop
31. debugging
32. documentation
33. Program
34. User
35. procedural
36. scripting
37. interpreter
38. program
39. property
40. messages
MATCHING
41. B
42. D
43. F
44. C
45. H
46. G
47. A
48. E
49. B
50. H
51. C
52. F
53. G
54. E
55. A
56. D
SHORT
ANSWER
57. Blank spaces are automatically added to fill
the field.
58. A one-to-many relationship is when one record
is related to many records.
59. An object-oriented database stores data as
objects, which can be grouped into object classes, and defined by attributes
and methods.
60. Data dependence refers to the undesirable
situation in which data and program modules are so tightly interrelated that
they become difficult to modify.
61. Data indepedence means that data is stored
separately from the programs that are used to manipulate the data.
62. A computed field is a calculation that a DBMS
performs during processing, and then temporarily stores in a memory location.
63. A report generator is a software tool that
provides the ability to create report templates for a database.
64. Although the global update function is
powerful, it is limited by the fact that it only works on records that have
similar characteristics.
65. SQL can perform a global update that changes
the data in more than one record at a time.
66. The SQL JOIN command allows you to temporarily
join and simultaneously access the data in more than one table.
67. Structured English is a subset of the English
language with a limited selection of sentence structures that reflect
processing activities.
68. It is rarely used because injudicious use of
the command makes it difficult for other programmers to understand the
underlying algorithm, which in turn means that such programs are difficult to
correct, improve, or revise.
69. For N = 1 to 3
Print
"This is a message."
Next N
End
70. Debugging is the testing of each section of
your code to make sure that it works correctly, by eliminating the "bugs"
so that they do not cause errors when you run the program.
71. It is a run-time error because it tells the
computer to divide by 0, which is an operation that it cannot perform.
72. An object-oriented language is based on an
approach to programming that uses objects, which are entities that the program
manipulates.
73. A low-level language requires a programmer to
write instructions for the lowest level of the computer's hardware--that is,
for specific hardware elements, such as the processor, registers, and RAM
locations.
74. An event-driven language helps programmers
easily create programs that constantly check for and respond to a set of
events.
75. Lines of program code are attached to
graphical objects, such as command buttons and icons, which the users
manipulate to generate an event, which in turn causes the instructions attached
to that object to be executed.
76. Component programming is the use of
components, which are pre-written objects or modules that programmers can
customize and add to their own programs.
ESSAY
77. A relational database stores data in a
collection of related tables. Each table is a sequence, or list, of records.
All of the records in a table are of the same record type. A row of the tables
is called a tuple, and is equivalent to a record. The columns in the table are
called attributes, and are equivalent to fields.
78. Custom software requires skilled programers.
The development time for each module can be lengthy and costly. In addition,
programmer efforts are sometimes redundant because similar modules are often
required for different data files. Also, poorly designed custom software can
result in data dependence (the tight interrelation of data and program modules
so that they become difficult to modify).
79. Sequence control structures change the
sequence/order in which instructions are executed by directing the computer to
execute an instruction elsewhere in the program. Selection control structures
tell a computer what to do, based on whether a condition is true or false.
Repetition control structures repeat one or more instructions until a certain
condition is met.
80. These languages help programmers create
programs with a clear modular structure, containing objects that can be easily
modified and reused. In addition, most experts agree that the object-oriented
approach to software engineering reduces overall development time. The downside
to object-oriented languages is that they tend to require slightly more
execution time than procedural languages.